HISTORY
USS
Texas (BB-35), the second ship of the United States Navy named in
honor of the U.S. state of Texas, is a New York-class battleship.
The ship was launched on 18 May 1912 and commissioned on 12 March
1914.
Soon after her commissioning, Texas saw action in Mexican waters
following the "Tampico Incident" and made numerous sorties into the
North Sea during World War I. When the United States formally
entered World War II in 1941, Texas escorted war convoys across the
Atlantic, and later shelled Axis-held beaches for the North African
campaign and the Normandy Landings before being transferred to the
Pacific Theater late in 1944 to provide naval gunfire support during
the Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Texas was decommissioned in
1948, having earned a total of five battle stars for service in
World War II, and is now a museum ship near Houston, Texas.
Among the world's remaining battleships, Texas is notable for being
the only remaining dreadnought battleship, though she is not the
oldest surviving battleship; Mikasa, a pre-dreadnought battleship
ordered in 1898, is older than Texas. She is also noteworthy for
being one of only six remaining ships to have served in both World
Wars. Among US-built battleships, Texas is notable for her sizable
number of firsts: the first US Navy vessel to house a permanently
assigned contingent of US Marines, the first US battleship to mount
anti-aircraft guns, the first US ship to control gunfire with
directors and range-keepers (analog forerunners of today's
computers), the first US battleship to launch an aircraft from a
catapult on Turret 3, one of the first to receive the CXAM-1 version
of CXAM production radar in the US Navy, the first US battleship to
become a permanent museum ship, and the first battleship declared to
be a US National Historic Landmark.
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